Hart
First Response |
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Quick History of Resuscitation3000 BC Mayan hieroglyphics and Peruvian Incas performed resuscitation by rectal fumigation896 BC Elisha resus'd a Shumanite's son ".. and he went up and lay upon the child and put his mouth upon his mouth and his eyes upon his eyes and his hands upon his hands and he stretched upon the child and the flesh of the child was warm" 500-1500 AD Medieval, various methods including flagellation, external heating, rolling over a barrel, or strapping across the back of a horse which then runs around a field 1543 Andreas Versalius published "De Humanis corporis fabrica" and blew into a tube to resus an animal: IPPV intratracheal intermittent positive pressure ventilation 1493-1541 Phillipus von Hohenheim wrote about using bellows to resus people 1750-1800 Resus for drowning or poisoning by warming, rubbing, rectal insufflation with tabacco smoke, bleeding, MTM, IPPV . 1774 Royal Human Society London recommended resus of drowned casualties by applying warmth. 1778 Goodwin and Kite deduced that asphyxia causes the heart to stop. Kite suggested electric shock treatment (defib) However, the problems of airway and tongue were not appreciated 1850 MTM replaced with chest pressure except for babies resus'd by midwives 1850 Intro of anaesthetics, therefore more people stopped breathing while under medical supervision! 1861 Silvester method introduced. This involved chest pressure and lift on the supine person. It was instigated because of bad reports about IPPV and damage caused by it. 1874 Closed chest CPR on animals 1891 Closed chest CPR on humans 1900 During surgery: open and closed chest CPR and IPPV performed. 1903 Schafer proposed prone position to allow airway to keep open, used by USA and in both WWs 1906 Adrenaline first used 1904 Heart in VF stopped and restarted using drugs 1932 Holger Neilson technique introduced: prone, hands under head, expire by pressing on chest, inspire by lifting elbows 1947 1st successful defib 1949 Red Cross checked efficacy of manual methods, Schafer's replaced by Holger-Nielson 1954 Jude and Elam published physiology of resus and declared MTM would work well (with O2 amounts) 1957 Safar introduced ABC, all methods were compared MTM was best. 1958 Conference on anaesthesia, Safar gave paper, Laerdal(doll maker) heard about it 1958 Knickerbocker re-discovery of external chest compressions on dogs also re-tried on humans 1960 First demo of Laerdal's resusci Annie 1960 Chest compression details published in JAMA 1961 US Resuscitators of America trained 10000 in basic life supporters 1962 Resus panel started in Vienna 1970s Guidelines on CPR, demos on TV etc. |
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